Search Engine Optimization Tips
Monday, August 11, 2008
What is SEO?
SEO is the process of improving web pages so they rank high in search engines for a specific keyword phrase. SEO is divided in two categories: on-page optimization and off-page optimization. On-page optimization it refers to every method you use that change the page code; off-page optimization equals link popularity (more on this later)
Choosing the right keywords
The center of optimization are the keyword phrase(s) for which you want a high ranking in search engines result pages (SERP’s). When you choose you keyword phrase you must take in consideration primarily your market (they must reflect what you sell) , the number of searches for it and the competition for that particularly keyword phrase.
Let’s take an example: you provide penis enlargement exercises. Using a keyword research tool you have these results:
penis 70,388.0 /day
penis enlargement 5,798.0 /day
penis enlargement exercises 292.0 /day
natural penis enlargement 141.0 /day
Many may try to optimize for “penis” due to its large number of searches. The problem with this keyword (other then the competition for it) is that is not targeted for your market, the people searching for this keyword might look for penis health related sites. Even “penis enlargement” isn’t going to bring the targeted traffic that “penis enlargement exercises” or “natural penis enlargement” will. There are many other terms related to your market and, once they are found, an analysis of the competition and the searches for each term must be done in order to determine an optimal report between how competitive a keyword phrase is and how hard is to attain a top 10 position for it in SERP’s. You must keep in mind that:
Search engines consider web pages not entire sites so optimization must be done for each page in particular;
The more targeted a keyword phrase is the less traffic it gets, but that traffic will provide people interested in your product or service so the conversion rate is higher. This indicator is reflecting the percentage of people converted into buyers so the higher the better.
Decide on two or three highly targeted phrases for each page of your site
Keyword research tools
Best research keyword tool is WordTracker (www.wordtracker.com). By entering a keyword related to your market is shows other related terms (singular and plural) and it analyzes the competition for every one of them.
Useful keyword tools:
WordTrakcer – most popular online keyword research service, offers advanced keyword research and suggestions.
KeywordElite – is desktop tool with many keyword research features. This tool will collect you keywords from various places into numbers of thousands. It is used by most top SEO and PPC marketers.
http://www.digitalpoint.com/tools/suggestion/
http://www.nichebot.com
https://adwords.google.com/select/KeywordToolExternal
On-page SEO
Search engines are constantly improving their algorithm so they can provide more relevant results. A relevant site is one that provides quality content for its readers so after you have chosen your keyword phrases build the content of your pages around those keywords.
On page SEO means the code page optimization so, in this phase, you should pay special attention to the following:
1. Title Tag
The title tag is one of the most important factors in achieving high rankings. A title tag is essentially an HTML code that creates the words that appear in the top bar of your Web browser. Usually, the Title Tag is the first element in the area of your site, followed by the Meta Description and the Meta Keywords Tags. These are the general rules you should follow when optimizing your title tag:
Use in your title maximum 3 keyword phrases and 100 characters
If possible , don’t use stop words like “a, and, or”
Avoid spam: don't repeat the same keyword in your title more than twice; it's considered spam. Also, some engines penalize for using all CAPS.
2.
The
Place the keywords phrase at the beginning of your description to achieve the best possible ranking
Many SE's use this to describe your site so make sure you not only repeat each of your keyword phrases (max 3) at least once but make this a true representation of the page that the visitor will be viewing, and try to keep it under 255 chars
3. The
The meta keywords tag allows you to provide additional text for crawler-based search engines to index along with your body copy. How does this help you? Well, for most major crawlers, it doesn't. That's because most crawlers now ignore the tag. The meta keywords tag is sometimes useful as a way to reinforce the terms you think a page is important for on the few crawlers that support it. For instance, if you had a page about penis pills -- AND you say the words penis pills at various places in your body copy -- then mentioning the words "penis pills" in the meta keywords tag MIGHT help boost your page a bit higher for those words.
The meta keyword tag is also sometimes useful as a way to help your page come up for synonyms or unusual words that don't appear on the page itself. For instance, let's say you had a page all about penis exercises. You never actually say the word "enlargement" on this page. By having the word in your meta keywords tag, then you may help increase the odds of coming up if someone searched for "penis enlargement exercises" Of course you would greater increase the odds if you just used the word "enlargement" in the body copy of the page itself. You should include up to 25 words or phrases, with each word or phrase separated by commas.
Here is an example of what a simple basic header should look like:
There are some times when more code is necessary in your header, for example ,when using JAVA scripts or CSS (cascade style sheet) ; in this case it is best to use external files for java and css with extensions .js and .css.
To call your JavaScript simply cut the JavaScript from the header and save in a file called java.js and call it using this line of code:
Similarly to call your css from and ext file use this line of code:
Keep in mind that the header is the invisible part of your page.
4. Body text
This is what your surfers will actually see when coming to your site. There are many issues to consider when placing keywords in the text of your pages. Most search engines index the full text of each page, so it's vital to place keywords throughout your text. However, each search engine uses different ranking algorithms.
These are general rules that everyone should follow:
1. Make sure your main page have your main keywords. It has a higher chance of being indexed than your other pages, and it will be the only page indexed by some engines. Some engines rank a page high if it has at least 100 words, so make that your minimum. Directories include pages based on the quality of their content, so make sure your pages aren't simply lists of keywords.
2. The H1, H2...H6 tags are given special relevancy weight, and you should plan to integrate your keywords into your heading. You don't have to go extreme, just use one H1 for your most important keyword and two H2's - one for each of your secondary keyword phrases.
3. Bolding and italicizing your keywords at least once doesn’t hurt and actually gives you a very small boost (recommended, but don’t go bolding every keyword on the page)
4. When creating your content pages, keep the following four concepts in mind: Keyword prominence, proximity, density and frequency.
5. Keyword prominence - the best place to place keywords in the text is at the top of each page, preferably the main page. The closer your keywords are to the start of the page or the start of a sentence, the better. This concept is known as "keyword prominence." You'll frequently see it used to describe search engines' algorithms. Some engines also say the bottom of the page should contain keywords as well. Here is an example how search engines see your page. You have a page with the following links at top:
Home Services Contact
and this heading :
OUR DATING COMPANY IS OFERING THE BEST RATED DATING SERVICES
Now, you think you did a best job with the keyword “dating “at the top of your page. A search engine, however, sees your page this way:
Home Services Contact OUR DATING COMPANY IS OFERING THE BEST RATED DATING SERVICES
Now your keyword placement doesn't look as good as it did before. Try to place keyword-rich text at the very top of your page. If you are using images at the top of your page, make sure to include ALT tags, which are basically images' descriptions. Always add ALT tags to your images to make sure search engines recognize all the content on your site. ALT tags filled with keywords can also be used to boost your keyword frequency and help you achieve better rankings.
6. Keyword Proximity - some engines, such as Google, use the concept of "keyword proximity" as part of their ranking formulas. As suggested by the name, "keyword proximity" means the how close keywords are to each other. Put your keywords as close together as possible and make sure your sentences are clear.
Here's an example:
We have been selling weight loss products for over 3 years.
We have been selling products for weight loss for over 3 years.
In this case if someone should look for “weight loss products”, the first sentence will rank higher because its keywords are closer to each other.
7. Keyword Frequency - is a measure of the number of times keywords occur within a page's text. It's tied to the concept of keyword density. Search engines want to see more than one repetition of a keyword in your text to make sure it's not an isolated case. The recommended repetition is 3-7 times.
8. Keyword Density - the final point on visible text is keyword density. Simply stated, keyword density is the number of occurrences of a keyword divided by the total word count. For this, I try to keep my initial density to between 1-7%. However, this number may have to change depending on the level of competition. Also, be warned that the text used in anchors
affects your density. Don't worry if your initial density is lower than that of your competitors as you will learn later in this article that there are many ways to affect your keyword density other than placing your keywords in your visible text.
9. Anchors and Links - anchor text is that portion of a hyperlink that is viewed by a user on a webpage (The Clickable text).The keywords in anchor text enhance the relevance of the target page pertaining to the keywords used. While the relevance of the page containing the anchor text is also enhanced to some degree (because of relevant keywords appearing on that page), the real gainer is the target page URL.
Use this knowledge to build the relevance of each page of your site, through optimized anchor text containing important keywords, relevant to the theme of such pages, from other pages of your site. The inclusion of important keywords in the anchor text can make a big difference in the final ranking of your site pages.
All search engines that matter, give significant weight to the anchor text on your pages.
For example, if your keywords phrase is “penis pills” and you have a link with anchor text “Read all about penis pills here” on a page , pointing to another page about penis pills the tendency is to link "here" to the anchor text content URL whereas the best way is to link “penis pills”. You can also locate (or insert) important keyword phrases in your page’s natural text and link it to relevant target pages of your site. The target page’s name should include in it, if possible, your keywords. This is how a hyperlink code looks like:
< href="”target-page.html”">penis pills
10. Frames , Java scripts, Flash
About frames: DON’T USE THEM; they are not spiderable from the search engines. Regarding Java scripts and Flash do not use them excessively. The reason for this is that spiders cannot read JavaScript (or Flash) and thus any link or text created by such JavaScript will not be counted in your indexing and will produce a lost opportunity.
11. Navigation
The navigation structure of your site is important because it is through your navigation that the search engine spiders are able to access all of your web site's content. For sites with a small number of pages you should have every page of your site linked to every other page of your site. This can be done by having a left/right side menu or by putting a link to every other page on the bottom of your page. For sites with many pages it is advisable to include in directories the pages that are content related. For example, if you sell 10 different types of shoes and you also sell food and clothes you're probably not going to link the sport shoes page and the leather shoes page from the food page-but rather from the shoes page itself.
Off-page SEO (Link popularity)
Link popularity is the number of relevant quality inbound links pointing to your website. Most major search engines use link popularity as part of their algorithm which helps to determine the relevance of your website. If you don't have inbound links, you won't rank well for competitive keywords.
Ways to build link popularity
Link exchange
There are some very important aspects you should consider when exchanging links. The right way to exchange links is by finding quality, relevant sites with which to exchange links. These are the links that search engines care about. Convincing webmasters to exchange links with you isn’t easy, this is a time consuming process.
This is how it works: You search for sites that are in the same general topic area as yours (but not sites that compete directly). After you find a list of suitable link exchange partners, you place a link to their site on your site. Then you email the webmasters of the other sites and ask for a link exchange. Do not send generic copies of the same email to each webmaster however. Write a personalized email to the webmaster explaining what you liked about the site (be specific) and why you think a link exchange would benefit both parties.
Be sure to address the webmaster by name if at all possible. Also, be sure to give him your link exchange information. This should include the title of your site, a short description, and the URL that you want his site to link to (this doesn't have to be the home page). And be sure to include the URL of the page that already has his reciprocal link on it.
Be prepared for rejection for various reasons, this is normal so don't be discouraged you will also receive email accepting your proposal. Verify that your reciprocal link is in fact on their sites and then send a "thank you" email. Here are some keyword phrases (KW) you can type in Google for finding related sites:
"Add a link" + "your keyword" "Add a site" + "your keyword" "Add URL" + "your keyword" "Add an URL" + "your keyword" "Submit a link" + "your keyword" "Submit a site" + "your keyword(s)" "Submit URL" + "your keyword(s)" "Submit an URL" + "your keyword(s)" "Suggest a link" + "your keyword" "Suggest a site" + "your keywords" "Suggest URL" + "your keyword(s)" "Suggest an URL" + "your keyword" "your keywords" + "directory" "your keywords" + "directories" keyword reciprocal + directory keyword exchange + directory keyword add site + directory keyword resources + directory keyword links + directory
Building inbound links through reciprocal link exchanges is very powerful website promotional tool. If done correctly, increasing your linkage will:
increase your traffic significantly
improve your visibility in the search engines by raising your link popularity
provide an added resource to your website
save you a lot of advertising money
You can use Arelis or Optilink software to manage your link exchange campaign.
Allow other people to publish your e-zine on their web site.
Include your web site's ad and link in each issue you publish. This may also help you increase the number of people that subscribe to your e-zine.
Create a directory of web sites on a specific topic.
Give people the option of adding the directory to their web site by linking to it. Put your business ad at the top of the directory's home page
Offer a free e-book to your web site visitors.
The ebook should be related to your target audience. Allow them to give the e-book to their own web site visitors by linking directly to your web site.
Exchange content with other web sites.
You could trade articles, top ten lists, etc. Both parties could include a resource box at the end of the content.
Join or create a web ring.
A web ring is a group of web sites on a similar subject agreeing to link together. To find a web ring to join type keywords "web rings" into your search engine of choice.
Directory Submission
Directories are different from standard search engines in that a search engine will query a database of indexed websites before it produces results and a directory is a database of websites that have been arranged by subject.
Search engines put weight on the links coming from directories which is why is so important that you know how to submit you site. Remember, that your site must be optimized before submitting and not in different construction phases; otherwise it will be rejected from submission. For a correct submission select the most appropriate category related to the subject matter of the site and then submit, suggesting a title, description and any other information the directory may require. Also make sure you read their submission guidelines.
Here is a list of quality directories: Yahoo (299$ yearly fee), DMOZ (free), Jayde B2B Directory (free), GoGuides Directory (free), JoeAnt Directory (free), Business.com (99$), BlueFind Directory (40$), Zeal (free).
FFA pages and link exchange programs
DON’T USE THEM - Most search engines, such as Google says that FFA sites are an artificial and illegitimate way to increase link popularity. Google considers "link farms" spam, and will ban your site for participating in an FFA or link exchange program.
Affiliate Marketing Tools and Resources
Domain Registration
GoDaddy – is number one domain name registration service date.
RegisterFly – is less reliable domain registration service; offers cheaper prices on certain domain name types.
Hosting
AnHosting – is hosting solution for up to 10 domains under one account; includes CPanel, Fantastico and is WordPress friendly, with many scripts and statistics tools.
BlueHost – will host up to 6 domains under one account; WordPress friendly, CPanel included, with many scripts and tools.
HostGator –hosting service with CPanel, WordPress friendly, scripts and statistics tools.
MyriadNetwork – hosting service with CPanel, WordPress friendly.
Website Editors
DreamWaver – is professional HTML editor, ideal for work with MoreNiche templates.
XSitePro – great tool for creating little review websites for marketers with no knowledge of design and HTML. This tool can’t be used with free MoreNiche templates as it has limited layouts.
Photo Editing Software
Adobe PhotoShop – professional photo editing software.
Keyword Research Tools
KeywordElite – is desktop tool with many keyword research features. This tool will collect you keywords from various places into numbers of thousands. It is used by most top SEO and PPC marketers.
WordTrakcer – most popular online keyword research service, offers advanced keyword research and suggestions.
Search Engine Optimization
SeoElite – is one of most popular SEO tools with multiple functions, from competition research down to automatic link exchange approaches and more.
Email Marketing Tools
Aweber – one of the best email marketing services – allows capturing emails, creating multiple campaigns, double opt-in function, great partnership with major internet providers to ensure your emails gets delivered and read.
Copyright © MoreNiche affiliate program http://www.moreniche.com
Posted bySumedh at 2:26 AM 0 comments
Labels: Internet
Some tips
Converting numericals to words
Converting numericals to words
Hi all
To convert numericals to words can use the said formula by using the following steps
Open the excel sheet and use the command ALT+F11 to start Visual Basic...
In that visual basic
go to Insert option and
select module option where in
you can simply copy and past the the formula appeared in this site http://www.saha.ac.in/cmp/kausik.das/ECN2T.txt
After pasting this program as it is in the VB go to excel from where you hv opened the VB and use this formula
for eg=spellnumber(150)
and the query is solved
location of formula is user defined functions
Like macros, user defined functions can be used in any other workbook as long as the workbook containing them is open. However it is not good practice to do this. Entering the function in a different workbook is not simple. You have to add its host workbook's name to the function name. This isn't difficult if you rely on the Function Wizard, but clumsy to write out manually. The Function Wizard shows the full names of any UDFs in other workbooks...
If you open the workbook in which you used the function at a time when the workbook containing the function is closed, you will see an error message in the cell in which you used the function. Excel has forgotten about it! Open the function's host workbook, recalculate, and all is fine again. Fortunately there is a better way.
answer these frequently asked finance questions
1)Status of India's GDP, market capitalisation exports, imports?
2) what is Sinking fund ?
3) What is money - M1, M2, M3?
4) What are negotiable instruments?
5) Tell us 3 ratios used to judge a company
.....waiting for ur replies...all the best guys...
Some more very interesting FAQ's
What is convexity in the context of bonds?
How will you value a Private limited company for the purpose of takeover?
What is the difference between direct and indirect quotes in the context of the forex market?
What is a straddle?
What is a strangle?
What are the greeks in the context of derivatives/
I guess you will find all the answers 2 these questions on the internet
in case you have any problems feel free 2 ask me
These are just a few questions
i was asked some of these in my interview
hope this helps
-regards
puneet gulwani
ICFAI Business School, Hyderabad
bhawna
12/09/06
answer my query..
hii..
my query is what are the greeks in the context of derivatives???plz do tell me..nd giv me some more ques.asked in finance interview,if possible!!
thanks
greeks Derivatives
The greeks refer to the various dimensions of risk involved in taking an option position
Each risk variable is a result of an imperfect assumption or relationship of the option with another underlying variable.
with the exception of vega which is not a greek letter each other risk is measured by a letter of the greek alphabet
Delta represents the rate of change between the option's price and the underlying asset's price - in other words, price sensitivity.
Theta represents the rate of change between an option portfolio and time, or time sensitivity.
Gamma represents the rate of change between an option portfolio's delta and the underlying asset's price - in other words, second-order time price sensitivity.
Vega represents the rate of change between an option portfolio's value and the underlying asset's volatility - in other words, sensitivity to volatility.
Rho represents the rate of change between an option portfolio's value and the interest rate, or sensitivity to the interest rate.
In the money option represents positive cash flows.
they are of two types call and put in the money option.
In case of call in the money option the spot price is greater then the strike price.
While in case of put in the money option the strike price is greater then the spot price.
Reverse in case of out of money call and put option.
Out of money represents negative cash flows.
At the money represents no cash flows or no profit no loss.
At the money otion ouurs when spot price and strike price are equal.
M1,M2 AND M3
M1 is the sum total of currency, demand deposits and other depoits
M2 is the sum total of M1 and post office saving.
QUESTION
what is the motive behind derivatives market?
if there is an option trading on Reliance, how does it relate to Reliance as a company?? does it have any direct benefit?
--a very common intw ques.
naveen
17/09/06
the main motive behind deravatives is to manage risk associated with forex and stock markets
Hope this will suffice
ill b posting more questions shortly
At the money, in the money and out of the money are the terms associated with derivatives..
in short
At the money is wen u r purchasing a option at the current market price
in the money is wen ur price is below/within the market price
and out of the money is wen ur price is obove that of the market price
A "negotiable instrument" means a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque payable either to order or to bearer.
To our common terms , Promissory note & BOE are not widely accepted . They are traditional nationalized banking instruments designed for SME & corporates . SME s rarely preferred it & corporates had better instruments on fare on.
Classic Promissory note that is majorly used in Indian parlance is " Hundi " .. gets qualified under Negotiable Instruments Act,1881 only when it is accounted .
what is the basic difference between participatory notes and sub-accounts?
PN vs Sub-Account
A Foreign investor can access the Indian market through three different routes —
1)registering themselves as full-fledged FIIs with Sebi
2)registering themselves as sub-accounts of an existing FII
3)indirectly through products, participatory notes (PNs), offered by registered FIIs or FII sub-accounts.
M1 IS MONEY IN CIRCULATION
M2 IS M1+ SAVINGS
M3 IS TOTAL MONEY SUPPLY
M1 IS NARROW MONEY
M2 IS INTERMEDIADTE MONEY
M3 IS BROAD MONEY
DERIVATIVES:
the arbitrage opportunity arise when the stock of a co. or say portfolio is under/overvalued.... now being a fund manager of some big time client, what position u will take for arbitraging???
*
Posted bySumedh at 12:37 AM 0 comments
Labels: Internet
221 Microsoft Word Shortcuts
Ctrl + Shift + A
AllCaps
Makes the selection all capitals (toggle)
2
Alt + Ctrl + 1
ApplyHeading1
Applies Heading 1 style to the selected text
3
Alt + Ctrl + 2
ApplyHeading2
Applies Heading 2 style to the selected text
4
Alt + Ctrl + 3
ApplyHeading3
Applies Heading 3 style to the selected text
5
Ctrl + Shift + L
ApplyListBullet
Applies List Bullet style to the selected text
6
Alt + F10
AppMaximize
Enlarges the application window to full size
7
Alt + F5
AppRestore
Restores the application window to normal size
8
Ctrl+B
Bold
Makes the selection bold (toggle)
9
Ctrl + PgDn
BrowseNext
Jump to the next browse object
10
Ctrl + PgUp
BrowsePrev
Jump to the previous browse object
11
Alt + Ctrl + Home
BrowseSel
Select the next/prev browse object
12
Esc
Cancel
Terminates an action
13
Ctrl+E
CenterPara
Centers the paragraph between the indents
14
Shift+F3
ChangeCase
Changes the case of the letters in the selection
15
Left arrow
CharLeft
Moves the insertion point to the left one character
16
Shift + Left arrow
CharLeftExtend
Extends the selection to the left one character
17
Rt arrow
CharRight
Moves the insertion point to the right one character
18
Shift + Rt arrow
CharRightExtend
Extends the selection to the right one character
19
Alt + Shift + C
ClosePane
Closes the active window pane (if you are in Normal View and have, for
example, the Footnote pane open)
20
Alt+Drag (or press Ctrl + Shift + F8 and drag, but Alt + Drag is far
easier!)
ColumnSelect
Selects a columnar block of text
21
Ctrl +Shift+C
CopyFormat
Copies the formatting of the selection
22
Shift + F2
CopyText
Makes a copy of the selection without using the clipboard (press Return to
paste)
23
Alt + F3
CreateAutoText
Adds an AutoText entry to the active template
24
Ctrl+ Backspace
DeleteBackWord
Deletes the previous word without putting it on the Clipboard
25
Ctrl + Del
DeleteWord
Deletes the next word without putting it on the Clipboard
26
Ctrl+W, Ctrl+F4
DocClose
Prompts to save the document and then closes the active window. (But doesn't
intercept the menu command)
27
Ctrl + F10
DocMaximize
Enlarges the active window to full size
28
Ctrl + F7
DocMove
Changes the position of the active window
29
Ctrl + F5
DocRestore
Restores the window to normal size
30
Ctrl + F8
DocSize
Changes the size of the active window
31
Alt + Ctrl + S
DocSplit
Splits the active window horizontally and then adjusts the split
32
Alt + Shift + F9
DoFieldClick
Executes the action associated with macrobutton fields
33
Ctrl + Shift + D
DoubleUnderline
Double underlines the selection (toggle)
34
Alt R, G
DrawGroup
Groups the selected drawing objects
35
Alt R, I
DrawSnapToGrid
Sets up a grid for aligning drawing objects
36
Alt R, U
DrawUngroup
Ungroups the selected group of drawing objects
37
Ctrl+Shift+F5 (Or: Alt I, K)
EditBookmark
Brings up the bookmark dialog
38
EditClear
Performs a forward delete or removes the selection without putting it on the
Clipboard
39
Ctrl+C
EditCopy
Copies the selection and puts it on the Clipboard
40
Ctrl+X
EditCut
Cuts the selection and puts it on the Clipboard
41
Ctrl+F
EditFind
Finds the specified text or the specified formatting
42
F5, Ctrl+G
EditGoTo
Jumps to a specified place in the active document
43
Alt E, K
EditLinks
Allows links to be viewed, updated, opened, or removed
44
Ctrl+V
EditPaste
Inserts the Clipboard contents at the insertion point
45
Alt E, S
EditPasteSpecial
Inserts the Clipboard contents as a linked object, embedded object, or other
format
46
Alt + Shift + Backspc
EditRedo
Redoes the last action that was undone
47
F4
EditRedoOrRepeat
Repeats the last command, or redoes the last action that was undone
(unfortunately, doesn't work for as many commands in Word 2000 as in Word 97
and below, but this is still one of Word's most useful shortcuts, if not the
most useful)
48
Ctrl+H
EditReplace
Finds the specified text or the specified formatting and replaces it
49
Ctrl+A
EditSelectAll
Selects the entire document
50
Ctrl+Z
EditUndo
Reverses the last action
51
Alt + PageDn (to select to end of column, use Alt + Shift + PgDn)
EndOfColumn
Moves to the last cell in the current table column
52
Ctrl+Shift+End
EndOfDocExtend
Extends the selection to the end of the last line of the document
53
Ctrl+End
EndOfDocument
Moves the insertion point to the end of the last line of the document
54
End
EndOfLine
Moves the insertion point to the end of the current line
55
Shift+End
EndOfLineExtend
Extends the selection to the end of the current line
56
Alt+End
EndOfRow
Moves to the last cell in the current row
57
Alt + Ctrl + PgDn
EndOfWindow
Moves the insertion point to the end of the last visible line on the screen
58
Shift + Alt + Ctrl + PgDn
EndOfWindowExtend
Extends the selection to the end of the last visible line on the screen
59
F8 (press Esc to turn off)
ExtendSelection
Turns on extend selection mode and then expands the selection with the
direction keys
60
Alt + F4 (<9>)
FileCloseOrExit
Closes the current document, or if no documents are open, quits Word.
Horrible command, as it makes it a long winded business to quit Word. But
there's a simple solution - assign Alt+F4 to FileExit instead.
61
Alt + F4 (Word 97)
FileExit
Quits Microsoft Word and prompts to save the documents (does intercept the
menu item, but not the keyboard shortcut, or the x button. An AutoExit macro
is usually a better way of intercepting this).
62
NOT Ctrl+N!!
FileNew
Creates a new document or template (brings up the dialog). Note that: Word
pretends that Ctrl+N is assigned to FileNew but it isn't, it's assigned to
FileNewDefault You can fix this in Word 2000 by assigning Ctrl+N to the
FileNewDialog command. In Word 97 the only way to fix it is to create a
macro called FileNew (to do this, press Alt + F8, type "FileNew" without the
quotes and Click "Create". The macro will automatically contain the code
needed to make it work).
63
Ctrl+N
FileNewDefault
Creates a new document based on the
64
Ctrl+O
FileOpen
Opens an existing document or template
65
Alt F, U
FilePageSetup
Changes the page setup of the selected sections
66
Ctrl + P
FilePrint
Prints the active document (brings up the dialog)
67
Ctrl+F2
FilePrintPreview
Displays full pages as they will be printed
68
Alt F, I
FileProperties
Shows the properties of the active document
69
Ctrl+
FileSave
FileSave
70
Alt F, A (or F12)
FileSaveAs
Saves a copy of the document in a separate file (brings up the dialog)
71
Ctrl+Shift+F
Font
Activates the Fonts listbox on the formatting toolbar
72
Ctrl+Shift+P
FontSizeSelect
Activates the Font Size drop-down on the formatting toolbar
73
Alt + Ctrl + K
FormatAutoFormat
Automatically formats a document (or sometimes, automatically screws it up)
74
Alt O, B
FormatBordersAndSha ding
Changes the borders and shading of the selected paragraphs, table cells, and
pictures
75
Alt O, E
FormatChangeCase
Changes the case of the letters in the selection
76
Alt O, C
FormatColumns
Changes the column format of the selected sections (brings up the dialog)
77
Alt O, D
FormatDropCap
Formats the first character of current paragraph as a dropped capital (must
select it first)
78
Ctrl+D
FormatFont
Brings up the Format + Font dialog
79
Alt + Shift + R
FormatHeaderFooterL ink
Links the current header/footer to the previous section (but does not
intercept the button on the Header Footer toolbar)
80
Alt O, P
FormatParagraph
Brings up the Format Paragraph dialog
81
Alt O, S
FormatStyle
Applies, creates, or modifies styles
82
Alt O, T
FormatTabs
Brings up the Format Tabs dialog
83
Shift + F5
GoBack
Returns to the previous insertion point (goes back to up to 3 points, then
returns to where you started; this is one of the most useful shortcuts of
them all. Also useful when opening a document, if you want to g straight to
where you were last editing it)
84
Ctrl + >
GrowFont
Increases the font size of the selection
85
Ctrl + ]
GrowFontOnePoint
Increases the font size of the selection by one point
86
Ctrl + T (or drag the ruler)
HangingIndent
Increases the hanging indent
87
F1
Help
Microsoft Word Help
88
Shift + F1
HelpTool
Lets you get help on a command or screen region or examine text properties
89
Ctrl + Shift + H
Hidden
Makes the selection hidden text (toggle)
90
Click on it
HyperlinkOpen
Connect to a hyperlink's address
91
Ctrl + M (or drag the ruler)
Indent
Moves the left indent to the next tab stop
92
Alt + Ctrl + M (or Alt I, M)
InsertAnnotation
Inserts a comment
93
F3
InsertAutoText
Replaces the name of the AutoText entry with its contents
94
Alt I, B
InsertBreak
Ends a page, column, or section at the insertion point
95
Alt I, C
InsertCaption
Inserts a caption above or below a selected object
96
Ctrl + Shift + Return
InsertColumnBreak
Inserts a column break at the insertion point
97
Alt + Shift + D
InsertDateField
Inserts a date field
98
Alt + Ctrl + D
InsertEndnoteNow
Inserts an endnote reference at the insertion point without displaying the
dialog
99
Alt I, F
InsertField
Inserts a field in the active document
100
Ctrl+F9
InsertFieldChars
Inserts an empty field with the enclosing field characters
101
Alt I, L
InsertFile
Inserts the text of another file into the active document
102
Alt I, N
InsertFootnote
Inserts a footnote or endnote reference at the insertion point
103
Alt + Ctrl + F
InsertFootnoteNow
Inserts a footnote reference at the insertion point without displaying the
dialog
104
Ctrl + K
InsertHyperlink
Insert Hyperlink
105
Alt I, D
InsertIndexAndTable s
Inserts an index or a table of contents, figures, or authorities into the
document
106
Alt + Ctrl + L
InsertListNumField
Inserts a ListNum Field
107
Alt + Shift + F
InsertMergeField
Brings up a dialog to insert a mail merge field at the insertion point. (It
does not intercept the button on the Mail merge. toolbar)
108
Ctrl + Return
InsertPageBreak
Inserts a page break at the insertion point
109
Alt + Shift + P
InsertPageField
Inserts a page number field
110
Ctrl + Shift + F3
InsertSpike
Empties the spike AutoText entry and inserts all of its contents into the
document
111
Alt + Shift + T
InsertTimeField
Inserts a time field
112
Ctrl + I
Italic
Makes the selection italic (toggle)
113
Ctrl + J
JustifyPara
Aligns the paragraph at both the left and the right indent
114
Ctrl + L
LeftPara
Aligns the paragraph at the left indent
115
Down arrow
LineDown
Moves the insertion point down one line
116
Shift + down arrow
LineDownExtend
Extends the selection down one line
117
Up arrow
LineUp
Moves the insertion point up one line
118
Shift + up arrow
LineUpExtend
Extends the selection up one line
119
Ctrl + F11
LockFields
Locks the selected fields to prevent updating
120
Alt + Shift + K
MailMergeCheck
Checks for errors in a mail merge
121
Alt+Shift+
MailMergeEditDataSo
Lets you edit a mail merge data source
122
Alt + Shift + N
MailMergeToDoc
Collects the results of the mail merge in a document
123
Alt Shift + M
MailMergeToPrinter
Sends the results of the mail merge to the printer
124
Alt + Shift + I
MarkCitation
Marks the text you want to include in the table of authorities
125
Alt + Shift + X
MarkIndexEntry
Marks the text you want to include in the index
126
Alt + Shift + O
MarkTableOfContents Entry
Inserts a TC field (but it is far better to use Heading Styles to generate
your Table of Contents instead)
127
Alt or F10
MenuMode
Makes the menu bar active
128
Alt + Shift + F11
MicrosoftScriptEdit or
Starts or switches to Microsoft Development Environment application,
allowing you to view the HTML/XML source code that would be behind the
document if it were in ..htm format (or that is behind it if it already is
in .htm format).
129
Alt + Ctrl + F1
MicrosoftSystemInfo
Execute the Microsoft System Info application
130
F2
MoveText
Moves the selection to a specified location without using the clipboard
(press Return to execute the more)
131
Tab
NextCell
Moves to the next table cell
132
F11
NextField
Moves to the next field
133
Alt + F7
NextMisspelling
Find next spelling error
134
Alt + down arrow
NextObject
Moves to the next object on the page
135
Ctrl + F6
NextWindow
Switches to the next document window, equivalent to selecting a document
from the Window menu.
136
Ctrl+Shift+N
NormalStyle
Applies the Normal style
137
Ctrl + 0
OpenOrCloseUpPara
Sets or removes extra spacing above the selected paragraph
138
F6
OtherPane
Switches to another window pane in Normal View (for instance, if you have if
you have a Footnotes pane open in Normal view and want to switch to the main
document and back without closing the pane).
139
Alt + _
OutlineCollapse
Collapses an Outline in Outline View by one level
140
Alt+Shift+rt arrow
OutlineDemote
Demotes the selected paragraphs one heading level
141
Alt + +
OutlineExpand
Expands an Outline in Outline View by one level
142
Alt+Shift+down arrow
OutlineMoveDown
Moves the selection below the next item in the outline
143
Alt+Shift+up arrow
OutlineMoveUp
Moves the selection above the previous item in the outline
144
Alt+Shift+left arrow
OutlinePromote
Promotes the selected paragraphs one heading level
145
Alt + Shift + L
OutlineShowFirstLin e
Toggles between showing the first line of each paragraph only or showing all
of the body text in the outline
146
Ins
Overtype
Toggles the typing mode between replacing and inserting
147
PgDn
PageDown
Moves the insertion point and document display to the next screen of text
148
Shift+ PgDn
PageDownExtend
Extends the selection and changes the document display to the next screen of
text
149
PgUp
PageUp
Moves the insertion point and document display to the previous screen of
text
150
Shift + PgUp
PageUpExtend
Extends the selection and changes the document display to the previous
screen of text
151
Ctrl + down arrow
ParaDown
Moves the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph
152
Shift + Ctrl + down arrow
ParaDownExtend
Extends the selection to the beginning of the next paragraph
153
Ctrl + up arrow
ParaUp
Moves the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph
154
Shift + Ctrl + up arrow
ParaUpExtend
Extends the selection to the beginning of the previous paragraph
155
Ctrl+Shift+V
PasteFormat
Applies the previously copied formatting to selection
156
Shift + Tab
PrevCell
Moves to the previous table cell
157
Shift + F11
PrevField
Moves to the previous field
158
Alt + up arrow
PrevObject
Moves to the previous object on the page
159
Ctrl + Shift + F6
PrevWindow
Switches back to the previous document window
160
Sfift+F4
RepeatFind
Repeats Go To or Find to find the next occurrence
161
Ctrl+Spacebar
ResetChar
Makes the selection the default character format of the applied style
162
Ctrl+Q
ResetPara
Makes the selection the default paragraph format of the applied style
163
Ctrl +R
RightPara
Aligns the paragraph at the right indent
164
Ctrl + *
ShowAll
Shows/hides all nonprinting characters
165
Alt + Shift + A
ShowAllHeadings
Displays all of the heading levels and the body text in Outline View
166
Ctrl + <
ShrinkFont
Decreases the font size of the selection
167
Ctrl + [
ShrinkFontOnePoint
Decreases the font size of the selection by one point
168
Ctrl + Shift + K
SmallCaps
Makes the selection small capitals (toggle)
169
Ctrl + 1
SpacePara1
Sets the line spacing to single space
170
Ctrl + 5
SpacePara15
Sets the line spacing to one-and-one- half space
171
Ctrl + 2
SpacePara2
Sets the line spacing to double space
172
Ctrl + F3
Spike
Deletes the selection and adds it to the "Spike" AutoText entry (which
allows you to move text and graphics from nonadjacent locations)
173
Alt + PgUp
StartOfColumn
Moves to the first cell in the current column
174
Ctrl+Shift+Home
StartOfDocExtend
Extends the selection to the beginning of the first line of the document
175
Ctrl +Home
StartOfDocument
Moves the insertion point to the beginning of the first line of the document
176
Home
StartOfLine
Moves the insertion point to the beginning of the current line
177
Shift+Home
StartOfLineExtend
Extends the selection to the beginning of the current line
178
Alt+Home
StartOfRow
Moves to the first cell in the current row
179
Alt+Ctrl+PgUp
StartOfWindow
Moves the insertion point to the beginning of the first visible line on the
screen
180
Shift+ Alt+Ctrl+PgUp
StartOfWindowExtend
Extends the selection to the beginning of the first visible line on the
screen
181
Strl + Shift + S
Style
Activates the Style drop-down on the Formatting toolbar
182
Ctrl + =
Subscript
Makes the selection subscript (toggle)
183
Ctrl + +
Superscript
Makes the selection superscript (toggle)
184
Ctrl + Shift + Q
SymbolFont
Applies the Symbol font to the selection
185
Alt A, F
TableAutoFormat
Applies a set of formatting to a table
186
Alt A, H
TableHeadings
Toggles table headings attribute on and off
187
Alt + click
(Alt + drag to select several)
TableSelectColumn
Selects the current column in a table
188
Click in left margin
TableSelectRow
Selects the current row in a table
189
Alt + double-click
TableSelectTable
Selects an entire table
190
Alt + Ctrl + U
TableUpdateAutoForm at
Updates the table formatting to match the applied Table Autoformat settings
191
Shift + F9 (Alt + F9 toggles all field codes on or off)
ToggleFieldDisplay
Shows the field codes or the results for the selection (toggle)
192
Alt T, C
ToolsCustomize
Allows you to customizes the Word user interface (menus, keyboard and
toolbars) and store the customizations in a template (defaults to Normal.dot,
so be careful!)
193
Alt + F8
ToolsMacro
Runs, creates, deletes, or revises a macro
194
F7
ToolsProofing
Checks the spelling and grammar in the active document
195
Ctr.l + Shift +
ToolsRevisionMarksT
Toggles track changes for the active document
196
Shift + F7
ToolsThesaurus
Finds a synonym for the selected word
197
Ctrl+U
Underline
Formats the selection with a continuous underline (toggle)
198
Ctrl + Shift + T
(or drag the ruler)
UnHang
Decreases the hanging indent
199
Ctrl + Shift + M
(or drag the ruler)
UnIndent
Moves the left indent to the previous tab stop
200
Ctrl+Shift+F9
UnlinkFields
Permanently replaces the field codes with the results
201
Ctrl + Shift + F11
UnlockFields
Unlocks the selected fields for updating
202
F9
UpdateFields
Updates and displays the results of the selected fields
203
Ctrl + Shiift + F7
UpdateSource
Copies the modified text of a linked file back to its source file
204
Hover over comment
ViewAnnotations
Show or hide the comment pane
205
Dbl-click the endnote reference
ViewEndnoteArea
If in Normal View, opens a pane for viewing and editing the endnote
(toggle). If in Page/Print Layout View, switches from the body text to the
endnote or vice versa
206
At + F9
ViewFieldCodes
Shows the field codes or results for all fields (toggle)
207
Dbl-click the footnote reference
ViewFootnoteArea
If in Normal View, opens a pane for viewing and editing the footnote
(toggle). If in Page/Print Layout View, switches from the body text to the
footnote or vice versa.
208
Alt V, F
ViewFootnotes
If in Normal View, opens a pane for viewing and editing footnotes and
endnotes (toggle). If in Page/Print Layout View, switches from the body text
to the footnotes/endnotes or vice versa.
209
Alt V, H
ViewHeader
Displays header in page layout view
210
Alt V, N
(or Alt + Ctrl + N)
ViewNormal
Changes the editing view to normal view
211
Alt V, O
(or Alt + Ctrl + O)
ViewOutline
Displays a document's outline
212
Alt V, P
(or Alt + Ctrl + P)
ViewPage
Displays the page more-or-less as it will be printed, and allows editing (In
Word 2000 the menu item is called Print Layout, but fortunately the command
hasn't changed.
213
Alt + F11
ViewVBCode
Shows the VB editing environment (Tools + Macro + Visual Basic Editor)
214
Alt + left arrow
WebGoBack
Backward hyperlink (useful if you clicked on a page number hyperlink in the
table of contents and then want to return to the TOC)
215
Alt + rt arrow
WebGoForward
Forward hyperlink
216
Alt W, A
WindowArrangeAll
Arranges windows as non-overlapping tiles
217
Ctrl + left arrow
WordLeft
Moves the insertion point to the left one word
218
Shift + Ctrl + left arrow
WordLeftExtend
Extends the selection to the left one word
219
Ctrl + rt arrow
WordRight
Moves the insertion point to the right one word
220
Shift + Ctrl + rt arrow
WordRightExtend
Extends the selection to the right one word
221
Ctrl + Shift + W
WordUnderline
Underlines the words but not the spaces in the selection (toggle)*
Posted bySumedh at 12:20 AM 0 comments
Labels: Internet